We might get data in one format and want to do an operation with it in another format. Python allows us to convert from type to another. Create a file py_types.py and following along with the code below:
a =4b ='21'c ='que pasa?'# Try to run this, it fails# a + b# You should get the following error:# TypeError: unsupported operand type(s) for +: 'int' and 'str'# It does make sense, how can you add an integer to a number?# Let's try something else:print(a +int(b))# We use int(b) to convert b from a string to an integer, that way we can add it# like we do with every other number# Let's try to convert c to an integer, it will fail# print(int(c))# ValueError: invalid literal for int() with base 10: 'que pasa?'# For a string to be converted to a number, the entire string must be a number# We can convert integers to stringsprint(str(a))print(str(a) + b)# Will be '421', string concatenation remember?# Strings can also be converted to floats:gpa ="3.8"perfect_gpa =float(gpa)+0.2print(perfect_gpa)